The world’s first malaria vaccine has been given the green light from European drugs regulators who recommend it should be licensed for use in babies in Africa at risk of the mosquito-borne disease.
The shot — called RTS,S or Mosquirix — would be the first licensed human vaccine against a parasitic disease and could help prevent millions of cases of malaria in countries that use it.
The vaccine was developed by British drug maker GlaxoSmithKline, in partnership with the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative and will now be assessed by the World Health Organisation, which has promised to give its guidance on when and where it should be used before the end of this year.
Malaria killed an estimated 584,000 people in 2013, the vast majority of them in sub-Saharan Africa.
More than 80 per cent of malaria deaths are in children under the age of five.
Andrew Witty, GSK’s chief executive, said the positive recommendation from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) was a further important step towards making the world’s first malaria vaccine available for young children.
“While RTS,S on its own is not the complete answer to malaria, its use alongside those interventions currently available such as bed nets and insecticides would provide a very meaningful contribution to controlling the impact of malaria on children in those African communities that need it the most,” he said in a statement.
Global health experts have long hoped scientists would be able to develop an effective malaria vaccine, and researchers at GSK have been working on RTS,S for 30 years.
Hopes that this shot would be the final answer to wiping out malaria were dampened when trial data released in 2011 and 2012 showed it only reduced episodes of malaria in babies aged 6-12 weeks by 27 per cent, and by around 46 per cent in children aged 5-17 months.
EMA’s recommendation is that the vaccine should nevertheless be licensed for use in babies in the full age range covered in the trials — from 6 weeks to 17 months.
Some malaria specialists have expressed concern that the complexities and potential costs of deploying this first vaccine when it only provides partial protection make it less attractive and more risky.
However Joe Cohen, a GSK scientist who has led the development of Mosquirix since 1987, said on Friday he had no doubt the vaccine could significantly reduce the toll of sickness and death caused by the malaria among African children.
“I have absolutely no reservations in terms of rolling this vaccine out,” he said.
“Why? Because the efficacy, when translated into cases averted and deaths averted, is just tremendous. It will have an enormously significant public health impact.”
The vaccine was part-funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.